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### China Mein Bauddh Dharma Ka Timeline

- Bauddh Dharma China mein 1st century CE mein Silk Road ke zariye pahuncha.  

- Iske vikas ke dauran kayi sampradayon jaise Pure Land, Chan, aur Esoteric Buddhism ne prabhav rakha.  

- 845 CE mein bade scale par Bauddh Dharma ka persecution hua, jismein kayi mandir nasht hue.  

- Aaj bhi China mein 18.2%–20% jansankhya Bauddh hai, lekin iske prati sarkari nitiyan niyantrit hain.  

#### Prarambh Aur Vikas  

Bauddh Dharma China mein 1st century CE mein Han Dynasty ke dauraan pahuncha, jise Silk Road ke zariye India se laaya gaya. 68 CE mein White Horse Temple ka nirman hua, jo iske prarambh ka prateek hai. Iske baad, translations shuru hue, jismein Kumārajīva jaise scholars ne mahatvapurna yogdan diya.  

#### Sampradayon Ka Uday  

220–589 CE ke beech, Pure Land, Tiantai, Huayan, Vinaya, aur Chan jaise sampradayon ka janm hua. Sui aur Tang Dynasty (589–907 CE) mein Xuanzang ne 1,330 fascicles ka anuvad kiya, aur Esoteric Buddhism ka parichay hua.  

#### Chunautiyan Aur Persecution  

845 CE mein Emperor Wuzong ne Great Anti-Buddhist Persecution shuru kiya, jismein 4,600 monasteries aur 40,000 temples nasht hue. Iske bawajood, Song Dynasty (960–1279 CE) mein Chan aur Pure Land ne prabhav rakha, jahan 1021 CE mein 458,855 monks aur nuns the.  

#### Adhunik Samay  

Ming aur Qing Dynasty mein Tibetan Buddhism ko samarthan mila, lekin Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) mein kayi mandir nasht hue. Post-1978 mein punaruddhar hua, aur aaj 18.2%–20% jansankhya Bauddh hai, lekin sarkari niyantron ke karan iske prati chunautiyan hain.  

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### Vistrit Vivran: China Mein Bauddh Dharma Ka Itihas

China mein Bauddh Dharma ka itihas lagbhag 2,000 varsh purana hai, jo 1st century CE mein Han Dynasty ke dauraan Silk Road ke zariye India se pahuncha. Isne Chinese sanskriti, kala, aur dharna par gahara prabhav daala, lekin iske vikas mein kayi ups aur downs aye. Niche diya gaya timeline aur vistarit jankari iske har ek stage ko samajhne mein madad karegi.

#### Han Dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE): Prarambh Aur Pravesh  

- Bauddh Dharma ka pravesh 1st century CE mein hua, jise scholarly consensus hai ki Silk Road, ya to overland ya maritime route se, hua.  

- 65 CE mein Prince Liu Ying ne Buddhist monks ko samarthan diya, jo Daoism ke saath bhi mila.  

- 68 CE mein Emperor Ming of Han ne ek sapne ke baad India se envoy bheja, aur White Horse Temple ka nirman hua, jo China ka pehla Buddhist temple mana jata hai.  

- 148 CE mein An Shigao ne translations shuru kiye, aur c. 164–186 CE mein Lokakṣema ne Mahāyāna sūtras ka anuvad kiya.  

- Is samay, Bauddh Dharma abhi apni shuruaat ke stage mein tha, lekin isne dhire-dhire rajkiya aur samajik samarthan prapt kiya.  

#### Six Dynasties and Southern and Northern Period (220–589 CE): Vikas Aur Sampradayon Ka Janm  

- Is dauraan, Kumārajīva (334–413 CE) ne translations mein kranti laayi, jise Emperor Yao Xing ne samarthan diya. Unke kaam ne Chinese Bauddh vichar ko gahara banaya.  

- Is samay, Pure Land, Tiantai, Huayan, Vinaya, aur Chan sampradayon ka janm hua, jo baad mein Chinese Bauddh Dharma ki pehchan ban gaye.  

- Chan teachings ko Bodhidharma (4th/5th century) se joda jata hai, jo meditation aur self-realization par zor deta hai.  

- Is dauraan, Bauddh Dharma ne Chinese sanskriti mein apni jagah banayi, lekin iske saath Confucian aur Daoist vicharon ka bhi mishran hua.  

#### Sui and Tang Dynasty (589–907 CE): Swarn Yug Aur Persecution  

- Sui aur Tang Dynasty mein Bauddh Dharma ka swarn yug tha, jahan Xuanzang (629–645 CE) ne India ki yatra ki aur 1,330 fascicles ka anuvad kiya, Faxiang school ki sthapna ki.  

- 716–720 CE mein Śubhakarasiṃha, Vajrabodhi, aur Amoghavajra ne Esoteric Buddhism ka parichay karaya, jo tantric practices par zor deta hai.  

- 845 CE mein, Emperor Wuzong ne Great Anti-Buddhist Persecution shuru kiya, jismein 4,600 monasteries, 40,000 temples nasht hue, aur 400,000 monks aur nuns ko civilian life mein wapas bheja gaya. Is persecution ne Bauddh Dharma ko bada dhakka diya, lekin do capital cities mein do temples aur bade shehron mein ek-ek temple allowed rahe, har ek mein 20 monks tak.  

#### Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (907–960/979 CE): Rajnitik Chunautiyan  

- Is dauraan, rajnitik upheaval ke karan Bauddh Dharma ko kam samarthan mila.  

- Chan Buddhism ne apni popularity badhayi, visheshkar southern kingdoms mein, jahan Fayan school dominant tha.  

- Is samay, Bauddh Dharma ne apni sthapna banaye rakhi, lekin iska vikas dhire tha.  

#### Song Dynasty (960–1279 CE): Punaruddhar Aur Prabhav  

- Song Dynasty mein Chan aur Pure Land Buddhism ne bada prabhav rakha. 1021 CE mein, records dikhate hain ki 458,855 monks aur nuns the, jismein 397,615 monks aur 61,240 nuns shamil the.  

- 1221 CE ke records mein 400,000 monks aur 61,000 nuns ka ullekh hai, jo population mein thodi badhotri dikhata hai.  

- Buddhist ideology ne Confucianism aur Daoism ke saath mishran kiya, aur is dauraan woodblock printing ne Bauddh texts ke prasar mein madad ki.  

- Is samay, Buddhist establishments ne oil presses, mills, pawnshops, aur hostels jaise businesses bhi chalaye, jo unki arthik sthapna ko mazboot kiya.  

#### Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368 CE): Esoteric Buddhism Ka Samarthan  

- Yuan Dynasty mein Esoteric Buddhism ko official religion ka darja mila, jahan Tibetan lamas ko patronized kiya gaya.  

- Is dauraan, Tibetan Buddhism ne apna prabhav badhaya, lekin baad mein Ming Dynasty ne isko ninda ki.  

- Is samay, Bauddh Dharma ne apni adhunik roop liya, lekin iska prabhav regional tha.  

#### Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 CE): Punaruddhar Aur Eminent Monks  

- Ming Dynasty mein Tiantai, Huayan, Yogacara jaise schools ka punaruddhar hua, aur ordination ceremonies ne apni jagah banayi.  

- Wanli Era ke Four Eminent Monks the: Hanshan Deqing (1546–1623), Daguan Zhenke (1543–1603), Yunqi Zhuhong (1535–1615), aur Ouyi Zhixu (1599–1655), jinhone Bauddh Dharma ko naye roop mein prastut kiya.  

- Is dauraan, Bauddh Dharma ne Chinese sanskriti mein apna sthir sthan banaya, lekin Confucian orthodoxy ne isko challenge kiya.  

#### Qing Dynasty (1644–1911 CE): Tibetan Buddhism Aur Chunautiyan  

- Qing Dynasty mein Gelukpa School of Tibetan Buddhism ko endorse kiya gaya, jo Mongol aur Tibetan areas mein prabhavshali tha.  

- 1850–1864 ke beech Taiping Rebellion ne kayi temples ko nasht kiya, jo Bauddh Dharma ke liye bada dhakka tha.  

- 1893 mein Anagarika Dharmapala ne Shanghai ki visit ki, jo Western influence ko dikhata hai.  

- Is samay, Bauddh Dharma ne apni sthapna banaye rakhi, lekin colonial aur internal conflicts ne isko prabhavit kiya.  

#### Republic of China (1912–1949 CE): Modernization Aur Revival  

- Republic of China mein Taixu aur Yin Shun ne Humanistic Buddhism ko promote kiya, jo samajik welfare par zor deta hai.  

- Hsu Yun ne Chan Buddhism ka punarjagran kiya, aur 1914 mein Huayan University Shanghai mein sthapit hui.  

- Monks ne Southeast Asia mein prasar kiya, jaise Guanghua Monastery ne Malay Peninsula aur Indonesia mein 7 branches banaye.  

- Is dauraan, Bauddh Dharma ne modern challenges ka samna kiya, lekin naye roop mein apni sthapna banayi.  

#### People's Republic of China (1949–present): Repression Aur Revival  

- 1953 mein Chinese Buddhist Association sthapit hui, jismein 121 delegates the, jismein Dalai Lama aur Panchen Lama bhi shamil the.  

- 1966–1976 ke Cultural Revolution mein Bauddh Dharma ko repress kiya gaya, kayi temples nasht hue.  

- Post-1978 mein, ancient temples ko restore kiya gaya, monastic ordinations ko approve kiya gaya, jaise 2006 mein World Buddhist Forum shuru hua, jo biennial hai.  

- 2007 mein sacred mountains par mining ban kiya gaya, aur 2012 mein religious profiteering par crackdown hua.  

- Surveys dikhate hain ki aaj 18.2%–20% jansankhya Bauddh hai, aur 21% folk religions ke saath Bauddh elements follow karte hain.  

- Is samay, Bauddh Dharma ko sarkari niyantron ke saath revive kiya ja raha hai, lekin secularization aur urbanization ne iske traditional abhyas ko prabhavit kiya hai.  

#### Table: Key Events and Numbers in Chinese Buddhism Timeline  

| **Period** | **Key Event** | **Relevant Numbers/Year** |

|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|

| Han Dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE) | Buddhism arrives via Silk Road | 68 CE: White Horse Temple established |

| Six Dynasties (220–589 CE) | Emergence of major schools | 334–413 CE: Kumārajīva's translations |

| Tang Dynasty (589–907 CE) | Xuanzang's translations, Esoteric Buddhism | 845 CE: 4,600 monasteries, 40,000 temples destroyed |

| Song Dynasty (960–1279 CE) | Chan and Pure Land popularity | 1021 CE: 458,855 monks/nuns |

| Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368 CE) | Esoteric Buddhism official | - |

| Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 CE) | Revival of schools, Four Eminent Monks | 1546–1623: Hanshan Deqing, etc. |

| Qing Dynasty (1644–1911 CE) | Tibetan Buddhism endorsed | 1850–1864: Taiping Rebellion |

| Republic (1912–1949 CE) | Humanistic Buddhism, Chan revival | 1914: Huayan University founded |

| PRC (1949–present) | Cultural Revolution, revival | 1953: 121 delegates, 2006: World Forum start |

#### Bauddh Dharma Ka Vartaman Sthiti  

Aaj, China mein lagbhag 18.2%–20% jansankhya Bauddh hai, jo kul jansankhya ka bada hissa hai. Chinese government ne Bauddh sanskriti ko tourism aur sanskritik virasat ke roop mein protsahit kiya hai, lekin Communist Party of China (CPC) ke shasan mein dharmik gatividhiyon par niyantran hai. Young generation mein meditation aur mindfulness ke prati ruchi badh rahi hai, aur international Buddhist forums jaise World Buddhist Forum (2006 se biennial) China ke global Buddhist samuday ke saath jude hain.

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### Key Citations  

- [History of Chinese Buddhism detailed timeline](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Chinese_Buddhism)  

- [Timeline of Major Events in Chinese Buddhism](https://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/history/chin_timeline/)  

- [Chronology of Early Buddhism in China](https://faculty.washington.edu/dwaugh/hist225/225chron/budchron.html)  

- [Spread of Buddhism to China history](https://www.historyhit.com/how-did-buddhism-spread-to-china/)  

- [Buddhism in China timeline and persecution](https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/history/modern-world-history/buddhism-in-china/)  

- [International Buddhist Society timeline](https://buddhisttemple.ca/buddhism/timeline/)  

- [Buddhism in China current statistics](https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/08/30/buddhism/)  

- [Global timeline of Buddhism history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Buddhism)  

- [Religion in Song Dynasty details](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_the_Song_dynasty)