ति

**China mein Bauddh Dharma** (Buddhism in China) ka itihas lagbhag 2,000 varsh purana hai, jo pehle shatabdi mein Han dynasty ke dauraan Bharat se Silk Route ke zariye China pahuncha. Aaj, China mein Bauddh Dharma ek pramukh dharmik aur sanskritik shakti hai, jismein Mahayana sampradaya ka prabhutva hai. 

### **Mukhya Tathya:**

1. **Prarambh aur Vikas**:

   - Bauddh Dharma ke pratham prachar ko Emperor Ashoka ke mission aur bad mein Kushan Empire ke samarthan se joda jata hai.

   - Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE) ke samay, Buddhist sutras ka anuvad Chinese bhasha mein shuru hua, jismein scholars jaise Kumarajiva ne mahatvapurna yogdan diya.

   - Tang dynasty (618–907 CE) ko China mein Bauddh Dharma ka swarn yug mana jata hai, jab isne rajkiya samarthan prapt kiya aur kayi mandir banaye gaye.

2. **Sampradaya**:

   - China mein **Mahayana Bauddh Dharma** pramukh hai, jismein **Pure Land Buddhism** (Jingtu) aur **Chan Buddhism** (Zen) sabse lokpriya hain.

   - Pure Land mein Amitabha Buddha ki bhakti aur rebirth in Pure Land par zor hota hai.

   - Chan Buddhism, jo Japan mein Zen ke roop mein jana jata hai, meditation aur self-realization par dhyan deta hai.

3. **Pramukh Sthal**:

   - **Dunhuang Caves** (Mogao Grottoes): Buddhist kala aur manuscripts ka vishal sangrahalaya.

   - **Shaolin Temple**: Chan Buddhism ka kendra aur martial arts ka udgam sthal.

   - **Mount Wutai, Mount Emei, Mount Jiuhua, aur Mount Putuo**: Char pavitra Buddhist parvat, jo Bodhisattvas se jude hain.

4. **Vartaman Sthiti**:

   - Aaj China mein lagbhag **18-20 crore** Bauddh hain, jo kul jansankhya ka 15-18% hai (alag-alag surveys ke anusaar).

   - Communist Party of China (CPC) ke shasan mein dharmik gatividhiyon par kuch niyantran hai, lekin Bauddh Dharma ko sarkari taur par sweekriti prapt hai aur iske mandir aur sansthan sanchalit hain.

   - Chinese government Buddhist sanskriti ko tourism aur sanskritik virasat ke roop mein bhi protsahit karta hai.

5. **Sanskritik Prabhav**:

   - Bauddh Dharma ne Chinese kala, sahitya, dर्शन, aur sanskriti par gahara prabhav chhoda hai. Confucian aur Daoist vicharon ke saath iska ek mishran bhi dekha jata hai.

   - Guanyin (Avalokiteshvara), ek mahila Bodhisattva ke roop mein, Chinese sanskriti mein bahut lokpriya hai.

6. **Chunautiyan**:

   - Modern China mein secularization, urbanization, aur sarkari nitiyon ke karan Bauddh Dharma ke traditional abhyas mein kami aayi hai.

   - Kai Buddhist sansthan commercial tourism ke karan apni adhyatmik mahatta kho rahe hain.

### **Adhunik Pariprekshya**:

China mein Bauddh Dharma ke revival ke prayas ho rahe hain, visheshkar young generation mein meditation aur mindfulness ke prati ruchi badhne ke saath. Saath hi, China apne Buddhist virasat ko global Buddhist samuday ke saath jodne ke liye international Buddhist forums aur events ka ayojan bhi karta hai.

Agar aap kisi vishesh pahlu (jaise kisi sampradaya, mandir, ya itihas) ke bare mein aur janna chahte hain, to batayein!